And after laying out all this long explanation and analyzing your song, I personally would work on the mix more; I feel like some things are unbalanced, although, as I told you, this also depends on everyone's taste. I always tell myself: if it sounds good to me, then it is goodI don't know if that makes sense. I also think it needs a bit more compression and EQ on the buses and the mix bus, and perhaps less compression on some individual buses. The important thing is to be clear about the sound you want to achieve. Take a song that has already been published and has that sound you like, analyze it, keep it as a reference, and do the following exercise with your song also: lower the volume, check that all sounds are still audible and none are lost, and then turn the volume up all the way and check that everything still sounds clear and that there is no distortion
In the master, the only things I usually do are add some saturation to make everything clearer and to add some 'color' depending on the type of song, insert a soft clipper for the transient peaks, and finally, the limiter. As for LUFS, it varies depending on the song's genre, but for urban music, I like to reach something between -8.5 and -9.5 LUFS, depending on the song, without reaching -1dB/0dB to avoid distortion, although sometimes I do a little, depending on the type of song and what my ear tells me.
After all that, I then work on the mix bus, although I usually do the production using the top-down mixing technique, which is essentially producing with the mix bus already configured. On the mix bus, I usually apply some parallel compression and EQ to re-balance everything generally. I also add a reverb to give everything even more cohesion. Additionally, I try to leave plenty of headroom (-3dB or -6dB) to have enough space for working on the master later.
Once I have everything well-balanced, I listen track by track to see if they need some EQ, compression, saturation, etc. But if you use good sounds (already processed sounds), you actually won't need much of that. Where I work this part more is on the buses. Here, I almost always add EQ, compression, and saturation so that everything sounds more integrated and cohesive.
What I've learned so far is that a good mix is much more important than a good master because if the mix isn't good, the master won't be good either. For mixing, I would say that 50% of the work is focused on balancing the volume of all your channels. As you know, we use EQ, compressors, limiters, etc., for this, and all of that affects the volume of different frequencies. But before using all of that, I focus solely and exclusively on raising and lowering the volume faders of each channel until everything is balanced according to my personal ear/taste. And I do it at a low overall volume because if I can hear all the tracks at a low volume, I have a better guarantee that everything will sound good when I turn up the overall volume.
Bro, I'm almost twice your age, but you've been making beats three times longer than me haha, so I'm not the best person to give opinions on mixing and mastering. There are people here on LM with much more experience in this. Even so, I'm going to briefly summarize what I do in case it helps you or if you want to delve deeper and/or check it against what more professional people do, since, as I said, I'm new to this and I'm still making mistakes, and what I tell you now I might be doing differently next week.
First of all, thank you for taking the time to write to me so much, and for your absolutely helpful and sincere advice. This is absolutely not something everyone can do; in fact, it's only you who are showing me such respect and esteem, and I'm immensely grateful and happy for it, more than anything else, because you understand and know that for me, music is the only thing I haven't lost since it entered my life and never will. So, first of all, I'll tell you that it's not age or quantity that matters, but rather quality and dedication. Even if it may seem obvious, I can assure you that you've clearly learned and put in much more effort in a short time than I have in years, since you've explained many technicalities to me that I'm completely unfamiliar with, and having heard about them over the years, I haven't studied or put them into practice.
Wow brother awesome song, I love reggae music; I usually listen to it when I want to feel a little peace and happiness, and with your lyrics and voice, it's a great combination.
I never really liked reggae while growing up - However, as I grew older, I began to appreciate its style and rhythm. I still dont listen to reggae much, but sometimes certain messages just feel right with that rasta vibe.
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